#P6613. Coefficient Extraction in a Differential Polynomial Equation
Coefficient Extraction in a Differential Polynomial Equation
Coefficient Extraction in a Differential Polynomial Equation
Given three polynomials \(F(x)\), \(A(x)\) and \(B(x)\) satisfying the differential equation
[ \frac{dF(x)}{dx} \equiv A(x)e^{F(x)-1} + B(x) \pmod{x^n}, ]
with the initial condition \(F(0)=1\), compute the first \(n\) coefficients of \(F(x)\). The answer should be given modulo \(998244353\).
The exponential function in the equation must be interpreted in its power series expansion (in \(x\)) and all formal power series operations are done modulo \(x^n\). In other words, if
[ F(x)=f_0+f_1x+f_2x^2+\cdots+f_{n-1}x^{n-1}]
with (f_0=1), then you are to determine (f_0, f_1, \ldots, f_{n-1}) such that the coefficient of (x^r) (for (0 \le r < n)) in
[ \frac{dF(x)}{dx}]
matches the coefficient of (x^r) in
[ A(x)e^{F(x)-1} + B(x). ]
inputFormat
The input begins with three integers \(n\), \(d_A\) and \(d_B\) where \(n\) is the number of coefficients to compute for \(F(x)\), \(d_A\) is the degree of polynomial \(A(x)\) and \(d_B\) is the degree of polynomial \(B(x)\).
The next line contains \(d_A+1\) integers representing the coefficients of \(A(x)\) in increasing order (from the constant term to the \(x^{d_A}\) term), and the following line contains \(d_B+1\) integers representing the coefficients of \(B(x)\) in increasing order.
outputFormat
Output \(n\) integers, which are the coefficients \(f_0, f_1, \ldots, f_{n-1}\) of \(F(x)\) modulo \(998244353\). The coefficients should be printed in order separated by spaces.
sample
3 1 1
1 2
0 1
1 1 2
</p>