#P1869. Parity of Binomial Coefficient

    ID: 15152 Type: Default 1000ms 256MiB

Parity of Binomial Coefficient

Parity of Binomial Coefficient

Given two non-negative integers N and K, define the binomial coefficient \( C(N, K) \) as the number of ways to choose K elements from a set of N elements without repetition. Formally, if \( K \leq N \), then

$$ C(N, K) = \frac{N!}{K!(N-K)!} $$

Otherwise, we define \( C(N, K) = 0 \). Your task is to determine the parity (odd or even) of \( C(N, K) \).

By applying Lucas' Theorem modulo 2, it can be shown that \( C(N, K) \) is odd if and only if every bit in the binary representation of K is less than or equal to the corresponding bit in the binary representation of N, i.e. if and only if

$$ N \& K = K. $$

If this condition is not satisfied (or if \( K > N \)), then \( C(N, K) \) is even.

inputFormat

The input consists of a single line containing two space-separated non-negative integers N and K.

outputFormat

Output a single word: odd if \( C(N, K) \) is odd, or even otherwise.

sample

5 1
odd