Eating Symbols Easy

There is always an integer in Takahashi's mind.

Initially, the integer in Takahashi's mind is 0. Takahashi is now going to eat four symbols, each of which is + or -. When he eats +, the integer in his mind increases by 1; when he eats -, the integer in his mind decreases by 1.

The symbols Takahashi is going to eat are given to you as a string S. The i-th character in S is the i-th symbol for him to eat.

Find the integer in Takahashi's mind after he eats all the symbols.

Constraints

• The length of S is 4.
• Each character in S is + or -.

Input

Input is given from Standard Input in the following format:

S

Output

Print the integer in Takahashi's mind after he eats all the symbols.

Examples

Input

+-++

Output

2

Input

-+--

Output

-2

Input

---

Output

-4

inputFormat

Input

Input is given from Standard Input in the following format:

S

outputFormat

Output

Print the integer in Takahashi's mind after he eats all the symbols.

Examples

Input

+-++

Output

2

Input

-+--

Output

-2

Input

---

Output

-4

样例

+-++

2