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Input

The only line of the input contains a 7-digit hexadecimal number. The first "digit" of the number is letter A, the rest of the "digits" are decimal digits 0-9.

Output

Output a single integer.

Examples

Input

A278832

Output

0

Input

A089956

Output

0

Input

A089957

Output

1

Input

A144045

Output

1

inputFormat

Input

The only line of the input contains a 7-digit hexadecimal number. The first "digit" of the number is letter A, the rest of the "digits" are decimal digits 0-9.

outputFormat

Output

Output a single integer.

Examples

Input

A278832

Output

0

Input

A089956

Output

0

Input

A089957

Output

1

Input

A144045

Output

1

样例

A089956

0

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