#C5449. Caesar Cipher Encryption

    ID: 49099 Type: Default 1000ms 256MiB

Caesar Cipher Encryption

Caesar Cipher Encryption

You are given a string s and an integer k. Your task is to encrypt the string by shifting each alphabetical character by k positions in the alphabet. Non-alphabet characters remain unchanged.

The encryption is done using the Caesar cipher method. For an alphabetical character c, the encrypted character is computed as

$$ (c - base + k) \mod 26 + base $$

where base is the ASCII code of 'a' for lowercase letters or 'A' for uppercase letters.

For example, encrypting "abc" with a shift of 1 results in "bcd", and encrypting "XYZ" with a shift of 3 results in "ABC".

inputFormat

The first line contains an integer T representing the number of test cases.

Each test case consists of two lines:

  • The first line contains the string s. The string may include spaces, punctuation, and other non-alphabet characters.
  • The second line contains an integer k denoting the shift value.

The encryption formula used is: $$ (c - base + k) \mod 26 + base $$ where base is either the ASCII code of 'a' or 'A' depending on the case of c.

outputFormat

For each test case, output the encrypted string on a separate line. The output should be written to standard output.

## sample
3
abc
1
XYZ
3
Hello, World!
5
bcd

ABC Mjqqt, Btwqi!

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