Vending Machine Simulator

You are required to simulate the behaviour of a vending machine. The machine dispenses products based on the user selection and an inserted amount of money. It also keeps track of the inventory of items. For a given transaction, the machine should:

• Check if the requested item exists in the inventory.
• Verify that the item is still in stock.
• Determine if the inserted money is sufficient to purchase the desired item.
• If sufficient funds are provided, dispense the item and provide the correct change (\(\text{change} = \text{money} - \text{price}\)).
• If any condition is not met, output a specific error message.

Note: All monetary values are in cents.

inputFormat

The input is read from standard input (stdin) in the following format:

<item>
<money>
<n>
<item_1> <price_1> <stock_1>
<item_2> <price_2> <stock_2>
... 
<item_n> <price_n> <stock_n>

• item: A string representing the requested item name.
• money: An integer representing the amount of money (in cents) inserted into the machine.
• n: An integer representing the number of items in the inventory.
• Each of the following n lines contains: the item name (a string), its price (an integer in cents) and the available stock (an integer) separated by spaces.

outputFormat

Output a single line to standard output (stdout) that contains one of the following messages:

• If the item does not exist in the inventory, output: {item} is not available in this vending machine.
• If the item exists but is out of stock, output: {item} is out of stock.
• If the provided money is insufficient, output: Insufficient balance for {item}. Required: {price} cents.
• If the transaction is successful, output: Dispensed {item}. Change: {change} cents. where change = money - price.

Soda
125
3
Soda 125 10
Chips 75 15
Candy 85 5

Dispensed Soda. Change: 0 cents.